# Elements of a Brief Intervention

TIP

Brief interventions can vary in length, structure, target of intervention, etc., but all have the same underlying principles. These principles can be summarized using the acronym FRAMES²⁰:

Feedback on personal risk (e.g., information about client’s risk level with respect to their current patterns as informed by a screening tool such as the Problem Gambling Severity Index, as well related consequences).

Responsibility of the client for their choices and their plans for change, if that is their desire (e.g., highlight to client that it is up to them to decide what to do about their gambling).

Advice about the consequences associated with current gambling patterns to increase awareness, as well as advice to support positive change.

Menu of options to reduce or stop gambling and help with action planning, if appropriate (e.g., goals and strategies from which clients can choose from given their personal goals and situation).

Empathy is important for rapport and to be warm, reflective and understanding. Use non-judgemental language and be non-confrontational (e.g., asking clients for permission to discuss gambling and provide information).

Self-efficacy. When discussing gambling behaviours and change planning, build the client’s confidence (e.g., convey optimism in client’s ability to achieve their goals).